A-RACK
Holds glass on both sides. A shape structure configuration.
Holds glass on both sides. A shape structure configuration.
ACCUM
Work in Progress (WIP) Buffer
Work in Progress (WIP) Buffer
Al/Ag
Aluminum and gold are used in solar cell production to conduct electricity and reflect light.
Aluminum and gold are used in solar cell production to conduct electricity and reflect light.
AMORPHOUS SEMICONDUCTOR
Is the non-crystalline semiconductor material that has no long-range order.
A non-crystalline semiconductor material, that is cheaper than crystalline, but less efficient and slowly degrades over time. Also known as thin film.
Is the non-crystalline semiconductor material that has no long-range order.
A non-crystalline semiconductor material, that is cheaper than crystalline, but less efficient and slowly degrades over time. Also known as thin film.
AMORPHOUS SILICON (a-Si)
Non-crystalline allotropic form of silicon in which the atoms are disordered from optimum crystalline positions. To compensate for the resulting “dangling bonds,” hydrogen is alloyed with silicon.
AUTOCLAVE
Pressurized device designed to heat aqueous solutions above their boiling point to achieve sterilization. Autoclaving is used to improve adhesiveness between the PVB and glass substrates by removing trapped air.
BACK CONTACT
ZnO:Al
Zinc oxide and aluminum are used to prevent alloy formation between the silicon and metal layers. Aluminum and gold are used in solar cell productions to conduct electricity and reflect light. Ensures no gridlines or visible tabs are present on the front of the cells.
Creates a uniform appearance, unrestricted by reflectance.
Non-crystalline allotropic form of silicon in which the atoms are disordered from optimum crystalline positions. To compensate for the resulting “dangling bonds,” hydrogen is alloyed with silicon.
AUTOCLAVE
Pressurized device designed to heat aqueous solutions above their boiling point to achieve sterilization. Autoclaving is used to improve adhesiveness between the PVB and glass substrates by removing trapped air.
BACK CONTACT
ZnO:Al
Zinc oxide and aluminum are used to prevent alloy formation between the silicon and metal layers. Aluminum and gold are used in solar cell productions to conduct electricity and reflect light. Ensures no gridlines or visible tabs are present on the front of the cells.
Creates a uniform appearance, unrestricted by reflectance.
BALANCE OF SYSTEM (BOS)
Mounting Structure
Cabling
Inverter
Land/Others
Maintenance
BUS
Bus Wire Attachment tool automatically installs the tabbing wire and the bus wire.
Cd-Te
Cadmium Telluride: a type of thin-film solar cell design that uses a cadmium-tellurium compound as the semiconductor layer.
Mounting Structure
Cabling
Inverter
Land/Others
Maintenance
BUS
Bus Wire Attachment tool automatically installs the tabbing wire and the bus wire.
Cd-Te
Cadmium Telluride: a type of thin-film solar cell design that uses a cadmium-tellurium compound as the semiconductor layer.
CIS (CIGS)
Copper Indium Diselenide: a type of thin film solar cell material that uses a compound of copper, indium, selenium. A fourth element, gallium, may also be added to the compound (CIGS) to achieve higher performance in PV cells.
CELL
The solar cell is the basic electrical device in solar power. Multiple cells are wired together to form modules of the needed area.
Copper Indium Diselenide: a type of thin film solar cell material that uses a compound of copper, indium, selenium. A fourth element, gallium, may also be added to the compound (CIGS) to achieve higher performance in PV cells.
CELL
The solar cell is the basic electrical device in solar power. Multiple cells are wired together to form modules of the needed area.
CRYSTALLINE SILICON (c-Si)
A generic term for solar cell technology that uses a substrate of purified silicon in a crystalline structure. Gray color and metallic luster increase with crystal size.
Has properties similar to glass in that it is strong, brittle, and has a tendency to chip.
CVD
Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Tool (PECVD).
Substrates are exposed to one or more volatile precursors, which react and/or decompose on the substrate surface to produce the desired deposit.
A generic term for solar cell technology that uses a substrate of purified silicon in a crystalline structure. Gray color and metallic luster increase with crystal size.
Has properties similar to glass in that it is strong, brittle, and has a tendency to chip.
CVD
Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Tool (PECVD).
Substrates are exposed to one or more volatile precursors, which react and/or decompose on the substrate surface to produce the desired deposit.
CVD ABATEMENT
Tool used to abate toxic gases.
CVD PUMP
Tool used to pump process lines.
FAB300
MES (manufacturing execution system) software used to optimize factory performance.
Tool used to abate toxic gases.
CVD PUMP
Tool used to pump process lines.
FAB300
MES (manufacturing execution system) software used to optimize factory performance.
GW
Gigawatt: One thousand (1000) MW
Gigawatt: One thousand (1000) MW
GWp
Giga Watt peak (1,000 MWp); solar industry unit for normal power.
HS20
Cutting liquid (glycol based).
Giga Watt peak (1,000 MWp); solar industry unit for normal power.
HS20
Cutting liquid (glycol based).
HSEM Hand Seam Inspection
Used to round the edges and corners of the glass to reduce damage and improve factory yields.
Used to round the edges and corners of the glass to reduce damage and improve factory yields.
INVERTER
An inverter allows DC power from solar panels to supply AC power that is normally supplied from a main power source or grid electricity.
An inverter allows DC power from solar panels to supply AC power that is normally supplied from a main power source or grid electricity.
JBX
Junction box attachment tool installs the J-Box, solder J-Box leads, and J-Box lid used to attach PV-Instant Seal Bond line.
Junction box attachment tool installs the J-Box, solder J-Box leads, and J-Box lid used to attach PV-Instant Seal Bond line.
JUNCTION BOX
Used to protect soldered electrical connections between the output and cables.
Provide an output wiring for the solar module.
Used to protect soldered electrical connections between the output and cables.
Provide an output wiring for the solar module.
KG
Kilogram
Kilogram
KM
Kilometer
Kilometer
KW
Kilowatt: 1,000 watts of electrical output.
Kilowatt: 1,000 watts of electrical output.
Kerf Loss
Kerf loss is associated with the amount of material loss during a cutting process. In crystalline wafer production, kerf loss refers to the amount of silicon consumed as part of the wafering process and plays a vital role in determining the overall dimension, edge quality, and surface finish of a wafer.
Kerf loss is associated with the amount of material loss during a cutting process. In crystalline wafer production, kerf loss refers to the amount of silicon consumed as part of the wafering process and plays a vital role in determining the overall dimension, edge quality, and surface finish of a wafer.
LCD
Liquid Crystal Display.
Liquid Crystal Display.
LED
Light emitting diode.
Light emitting diode.
LASER SCRIBE
Multiple lasers per system with indexing optics direct laser towards the glass at appropriate scribe separation.
First Laser – removes selected semiconductor and metal electrode layers (TCO) from the substrate.
Second Laser – etches a groove for the contact area for both the metal and transparent electrode (a-Si) layers.
Third Laser – produces a contact area groove for both the metal and a-Si layers
Multiple lasers per system with indexing optics direct laser towards the glass at appropriate scribe separation.
First Laser – removes selected semiconductor and metal electrode layers (TCO) from the substrate.
Second Laser – etches a groove for the contact area for both the metal and transparent electrode (a-Si) layers.
Third Laser – produces a contact area groove for both the metal and a-Si layers
MM
Millimeter
Millimeter
mm2
Millimeter square
Millimeter square
MW
Megawatt: One million watts, or 1,000 KW.
Megawatt: One million watts, or 1,000 KW.
MWp
Megawatt peak (1MWp=1,000 kilowatt peak); a measuring unit for normal power output of solar cells in the solar industry.
Megawatt peak (1MWp=1,000 kilowatt peak); a measuring unit for normal power output of solar cells in the solar industry.
MICRON
One-millionth of a meter, or 1,000 nanometers
One-millionth of a meter, or 1,000 nanometers
MICRO-CRYSTALLINE
Is a crystallized substance or rock which contains small crystals that are visible through microscopic examination. i.e. Microcrystalline Silicon (µc-Si)
Is a crystallized substance or rock which contains small crystals that are visible through microscopic examination. i.e. Microcrystalline Silicon (µc-Si)
MICRO-CRYSTALLINE SILICON (µc-Si)
A form of thin film silicon with very small (0.5-2 micron) grain structure intermixed with amorphous silicon. It is usually deposited in a thin layer (typically 1-3 microns) for tandem (stacked) thin film solar cells.
A form of thin film silicon with very small (0.5-2 micron) grain structure intermixed with amorphous silicon. It is usually deposited in a thin layer (typically 1-3 microns) for tandem (stacked) thin film solar cells.
MODULE
The solar module is the final packaged PV generator.
The solar module is the final packaged PV generator.
MONO-CRYSTALLINE SILICON
Crystalline silicon in which the wafer is cut from a single silicon crystal with a perfect crystalline lattice structure. Also used for Integrated Circuits.
Crystalline silicon in which the wafer is cut from a single silicon crystal with a perfect crystalline lattice structure. Also used for Integrated Circuits.
MULTI-CRYSTALLINE SILICON
Crystalline Silicon in which the wafer is made from silicon that has been melted and cast into blocks, creating a structure of many large silicon crystal grains.
Crystalline Silicon in which the wafer is made from silicon that has been melted and cast into blocks, creating a structure of many large silicon crystal grains.
PECVD
Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition: a glow discharge based deposition technology used to form many kinds of coatings, including both a-Si (amorphous silicon) and SiN (silicon nitride) layers for solar cells.
Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition: a glow discharge based deposition technology used to form many kinds of coatings, including both a-Si (amorphous silicon) and SiN (silicon nitride) layers for solar cells.
PERCENT EFFICIENCY
% Efficiency = Electrical Energy / Sunlight Energy
% Efficiency = Electrical Energy / Sunlight Energy
PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV)
PV devices convert sunlight directly to electrical current
Relating to, or utilizing the generation of a voltage when radiant energy falls on the boundary between dissimilar substances (as two different semiconductors).
PV devices convert sunlight directly to electrical current
Relating to, or utilizing the generation of a voltage when radiant energy falls on the boundary between dissimilar substances (as two different semiconductors).
POLYVINYL BUTYRAL (PVB)
Shock-absorbing safety interlayer in safety glazing.
Safety glazing to provide features such as solar energy control, weight reduction by eliminating one glass layer (called a bi-layer structure), head-up displays in automobiles and liquid crystal and electro-chromic devices for privacy applications.
Shock-absorbing safety interlayer in safety glazing.
Safety glazing to provide features such as solar energy control, weight reduction by eliminating one glass layer (called a bi-layer structure), head-up displays in automobiles and liquid crystal and electro-chromic devices for privacy applications.
PV
See Photovoltaic
See Photovoltaic
PVD
Physical Vapor Deposition or "sputtering" is a process by which a thin film of material is deposited on a substrate according to the following sequence of steps:
1. Deposited material is converted into vapor by physical means.
2. Vapor is transported across a region of low pressure from its source to the substrate.
3. Vapor undergoes condensation on the substrate to form the thin film.
A type of deposition method in which atoms are detached from a target of a certain material and then deposited on a substrate.
Physical Vapor Deposition or "sputtering" is a process by which a thin film of material is deposited on a substrate according to the following sequence of steps:
1. Deposited material is converted into vapor by physical means.
2. Vapor is transported across a region of low pressure from its source to the substrate.
3. Vapor undergoes condensation on the substrate to form the thin film.
A type of deposition method in which atoms are detached from a target of a certain material and then deposited on a substrate.
Si
Silicon
Silicon
SRU
Slurry recovery unit
Slurry recovery unit
SINGLE-CRYSTAL SILICON
See mono-crystalline silicon
See mono-crystalline silicon
SINGLE JUNCTION
Single layer p-n junction diode (monocrystalline silicone c-Si)
Single layer p-n junction diode (monocrystalline silicone c-Si)
SOLAR FARM
Solar power plants that generate electricity by converting solar energy to heat, to drive a thermal power plant.
Solar power plants that generate electricity by converting solar energy to heat, to drive a thermal power plant.
SYSTEM COST
Module Cost + Balance of System
Module Cost + Balance of System
t
Tons
Tons
TANDEM JUNCTION
Amorphous silicon and crystalline combined in thin layers, creating a layered cell.
Tandem solar cells designs use multiple light absorbing/semiconducting materials to increase conversion efficiency.
Amorphous silicon and crystalline combined in thin layers, creating a layered cell.
Tandem solar cells designs use multiple light absorbing/semiconducting materials to increase conversion efficiency.
TCO
Transparent Conducting Oxide: this is typically the top active layer in a solar cell and is often made of zinc oxide or tin oxide. It needs to be transparent to allow light transmission, but be electrically conducive.
Transparent Conducting Oxide: this is typically the top active layer in a solar cell and is often made of zinc oxide or tin oxide. It needs to be transparent to allow light transmission, but be electrically conducive.
THIN FILM
Are thin material layers ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometer thick.
Are thin material layers ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometer thick.
TRANSPARENT CONDUCTIVE OXIDE (TCO)
Typically the top active layer in a solar cell and is often made of zinc oxide or tin oxide. It is transparent to allow light transmission and be electrically conductive.
In general, TCO thin films are transparent electrodes either polycrystalline or amorphous, except for single crystals which are grown epitaxially and exhibit a resistivity in an order of 10-3 Ω cm or less with an average transmittance above 80% in the visible range.
Typically the top active layer in a solar cell and is often made of zinc oxide or tin oxide. It is transparent to allow light transmission and be electrically conductive.
In general, TCO thin films are transparent electrodes either polycrystalline or amorphous, except for single crystals which are grown epitaxially and exhibit a resistivity in an order of 10-3 Ω cm or less with an average transmittance above 80% in the visible range.
µm
An abbreviated form of micrometer. A unit of length equal to one millionth of a meter.
An abbreviated form of micrometer. A unit of length equal to one millionth of a meter.
Wire Saw
Slices mono and polycristalline bricks into wafers
Slices mono and polycristalline bricks into wafers
ZnO:Al
Zinc oxide and aluminum are used to prevent alloy formation between silicon and metal layers.
Zinc oxide and aluminum are used to prevent alloy formation between silicon and metal layers.
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